About Taxi New Deal Beijing will come out with specific plans

On February 27, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Human Resources, and the All-China Federation of Trade Unions jointly held a video-telephone conference and announced that it will start a two-year “harmonious labor relationship creation activity in the taxi industry” starting from March this year. Requires that the taxi service system be gradually adopted throughout the country, and that collective negotiation of wages should be carried out with the main contents of vehicle contracting fees (ie “dividends”), social insurance, labor income, and rest and vacation.

The news triggered a strong response from all sectors of society. Beijing taxi drivers generally welcomed the increase in rest days and the reduction of “little children’s money”, but they were not optimistic about the implementation of the policy. Industry experts pointed out that the root cause of the taxi industry lies in the regulation of the number of taxis. The relevant departments should learn from foreign experience and open up market competition. Beijing authorities said that they are studying the documents of the three ministries and working out specific implementation plans.

The government will formulate a specific implementation plan for the documents issued by the three ministries and commissions and the relevant person in charge of the Beijing Federation of Trade Unions. As early as in 2007, the Beijing Federation of Trade Unions, the Municipal Labor and Social Security Bureau, the City Taxi Association and other units established the Beijing Municipal Government. Taxi industry is a tripartite mechanism for harmonious labor relations. The municipal federation of trade unions takes the lead in advancing the construction of trade union organizations and the signing of collective contracts in the taxi industry.

“At that time we also formulated a model of a collective contract to guide the collective wage negotiation in the taxi industry.” The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions said that due to the early signing of Beijing’s collective contract work, “the salaries of taxi drivers in Beijing And so on, compared to other provinces and cities, it is still relatively stable."

"Yesterday afternoon, according to the documents issued by the three ministries and commissions, we conducted an emergency meeting and conducted a study." The relevant person in charge of the Municipal Federation of Trade Unions stated that the trade unions will work with the transportation and human resources departments to formulate specific implementation plans based on the actual situation in Beijing, and determine the priorities. Carry out collective wage negotiations in the taxi industry.

Company policy more for foreign journalists learned yesterday from some large taxi companies in Beijing that the city has adopted a unified standard for “ticket money” for taxis. It can be said that “parts of money” is priced uniformly by the relevant government departments. At present, the single-driver is more than 5,100 yuan per month, and the double-driver is nearly 4,000 yuan. Therefore, for the child's money will not drop, how to drop, the taxi driver to take off at least one day a week, how to reduce the children's money, these companies have expressed that they can not deal with their own, need to wait until the government detailed regulations.

These large taxi companies believe that the three ministries and commissions have stipulated that more are aimed at foreign countries. "Because Beijing has become more standardized, it has taken the lead in the country."

The reasons for these companies are: For example, the request for “a collective negotiation of wages with the main contents of vehicle contracting fees, social insurance, labor income, rest and vacation, etc.” was started a few years ago in Beijing. The trade unions represent employees and enterprises sign collective contracts. Involving labor remuneration, working hours, etc. In terms of signing labor contracts, Beijing has already implemented standardized operations. In some large rental car companies, employees must not only sign labor contracts with companies, but also sign operating contract agreements.

As for the taxi price adjustment mechanism and the linkage mechanism between tariffs and refined oil prices, these companies also believe that they have been gradually established since 2006: Since May 2006, Beijing has established a pricing mechanism for oil price linkages. At the end of 2009, passengers had to pay a fuel surcharge of 1 yuan when they drove more than 3 kilometers. Since April last year, fuel surcharges have risen to 2 yuan.

Drivers are afraid of a lot of rain and thunder. Many drivers said that if the new policy can be implemented and income rises, it will be able to rest. “We certainly support both hands.” But many people worry that the negotiation policy is difficult to implement and they fear “thunderstorms.” Small point."

The masters of the northern rental company’s masters are in Shunyi, and there are double classes (one day off on the previous day). He got up at about 4 in the morning and took a two-hour bus to the city to pick up the car. He didn't return home until two o'clock in the evening. “At least 18 hours a day, except for eating and going to the toilet without any rest.” He can pull 800 pieces a day. About 15 yuan per month is 12,000 yuan. In addition to oil supplements and basic wages, he would pay 3,200 yuan for the unit to pay for pure children. "If you spend 400 yuan a day on oil, then if you remove a car or something, you will have 2,000 yuan per month."

Master Li of the single class rented a small cottage together with several brothers in the city. He had been renting for more than five years. “The income has not changed, and the price of oil, children’s money, and prices have been rising. "He pulled 12 hours a day and earned about 400 yuan. To run 200 kilometers or so, oil costs 157 yuan. Excluding basic salary and oil supplements, the net amount of money is 3,000 yuan, and the remaining 4290 yuan. "Maintenance and maintenance are still not enough, and it's good to have 3,000 pieces left."

Regarding the claim that the three ministries demand at least one day of rest a week, they all doubted.

The elder Gaoge said that he had been renting for several years and never heard of anyone having taken a rest. “Apart from eating and drinking in the toilets, who wouldn’t want to do it any more? If we let us rest and we don’t have any money for the day, we will of course be willing.” In his opinion, this is the government’s human concern for drivers. “We take a break. The cost of a day is nearly two hundred, so you can feel at ease and go to bed."

A number of taxi drivers said that they hope to increase their monthly income to 3,500-4,000 yuan. The driver Wang said that he hopes to hand over some of the money to the company. "We work 30 days a month. Only 10 days are working for ourselves. All the other companies have submitted to the company. Can we not desperately do it?" One driver suggested that the starting price could be increased by one or two yuan. "Shanghai and Guangzhou have all gone up. Why does Beijing not rise?"

However, for the collective wage negotiation system, everyone seems to lack confidence. “We didn’t think about it before, but who would dare to mention it? Companies are always tough. You don’t want to do it. There are people doing it at any time!” For the company’s trade unions, they generally said that they had little contact and felt that they had little practical effect.

Experts can open up competition to solve problems in the taxi industry. Assistant editor-in-chief of the Economic Observer and famous reporter Wang Keqin have conducted a 10-year investigation so far. They have visited more than 200 large and medium-sized cities across the country and a number of foreign cities. Development Research Center taxi reform project research group members. Regarding the practice of the three departments, he believes that the actual results will not be significant. "The position of the company and the drivers is not equal and it is difficult to achieve dialogue." He believes that the most serious problem in the Chinese taxi industry is the rigid growth of the public. Demand and bad quantitative controls can only be fully benefited from open competition and free competition.

Wang Keqin analyzed that the contradictions and conflicts in the taxi industry are essentially disputes over interests. The rental car itself is not worth the money, and its core asset is the operating right. At present, the basic policies of the Chinese government at all levels for the taxi industry are: quantity control, price control, and franchising. As a result, the company that obtains the right to operate can recover all of the vehicle's investment by just paying for it. His survey found that children's money is characterized by rigid charges throughout the country. At present, most of the capital cities in the provincial capital are 5,000 yuan. "Chongqing's standard for children's money is about 8,000 yuan, and taxis are only An antelope that is less than 60,000 yuan means that the company can recover one and a half times the amount of the car that year, and then it can earn more than 600,000 yuan in the car's retirement period."

It is precisely because of this model that the taxi driver groups are under great pressure. “Open your eyes and you will be owed hundreds of dollars every day.” The problems of overworked driving and safety hazards followed. Some drivers work more than 12 hours a day and do not rest for the whole year, which is equivalent to the workload of other people for two and a half years."

However, in practice, companies that monopolize management rights will not pay a larger proportion of the tax amount than the taxi drivers that are self-employed. For each vehicle, whether individual or company, the amount of tax paid each year is the same.

Therefore, Wang Keqin believes that only by fully liberalizing taxi operating rights can the public benefit be maximized. “Like everybody can open a restaurant, it is free to compete.” He took an account, and now an ordinary Alto Under the current oil price background, the fuel cost per kilometer is only 0.3 yuan, plus various basic costs, and the operating cost per kilometer will not be too high. Therefore, in some cities in China, the price of 0.8 yuan or 1 yuan still has taxis in normal operation, which is also profitable.

Wang Keqin once conducted research in many countries. “Japan was similar to ours before 2002, but after the competition was liberalized in 2002, all problems were solved.” He also emphasized that if you let go of the taxi market, you have to go Strengthen the restrictions and management of taxi drivers. "London's experience is that taxi driving qualifications and lawyer's licenses are as difficult to obtain, and the overall level of service and levels naturally increase."

It is easier for real individual drivers to show that the business model of the Chinese taxi industry can be divided into two major types, a corporate model and an individualized model. Among them, the full corporatization model occupies the main body, that is, the right to operate taxis and the ownership of vehicles are owned by the company. The driver and the company sign contracted contracts, and North and South cities and other large cities are mostly of this type.

The individualization model is mainly divided into anchoring mode and fully individualized mode. However, ownership of taxis and ownership of vehicles are owned by the owner, but some need to be affiliated with the company or the company handles procedures such as registration of vehicles and management rights, and others. Operations, management, etc. are completely independent.

The 35-year-old Mr. Zhang is an individual taxi driver in Chaoyang. Taxi operation permits, individual business licenses, and tax registration procedures are all independently completed by him. His Jetta car was bought for 50,000 yuan. Many years ago, he spent 100,000 yuan in transfer fees to buy an individual vehicle license and started his career. He introduced that he runs 12 hours a day, the daily turnover can reach 400 yuan, remove the monthly fixed business tax, business and industry expenses, road maintenance fees, etc. about 800 yuan, fuel costs 5,000 yuan and maintenance, can earn 4,000 yuan per month.

In Beijing, there are more than 1,000 individual taxis like Master Zhang. The rest of the tens of thousands of vehicles are company-based operations. Whenever the individual brother Zhang, such as Zhang Shifu, is mentioned, the average brother, except for envy, sighs.